Efek Farmakologi α-Mangostin dan γ-Mangostin dari Kulit Manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.) sebagai Senyawa Bioaktif Potensial
Keywords:
α-Mangostin, γ-Mangostin, Kulit Pisang, Efek farmakologi, Senyawa bioaktifAbstract
Kulit buah manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.) merupakan salah satu sumber senyawa bioaktif alami yang memiliki potensi besar dalam bidang farmasi dan kesehatan. Senyawa utama yang banyak diteliti adalah α-mangostin dan γ-mangostin yang termasuk ke dalam golongan xanton. Artikel review ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji berbagai efek farmakologi α-mangostin dan γ-mangostin berdasarkan hasil penelitian in vitro maupun in vivo. Berbagai studi menunjukkan bahwa kedua senyawa tersebut memiliki aktivitas biologis yang beragam, seperti antioksidan, antiinflamasi, antikanker, antidiabetes, antibakteri, serta neuroprotektif. α-Mangostin diketahui memiliki aktivitas sitotoksik terhadap beberapa sel kanker melalui mekanisme induksi apoptosis dan penghambatan proliferasi sel, sedangkan γ-mangostin berperan kuat sebagai antiinflamasi melalui penghambatan mediator inflamasi dan stres oksidatif. Selain itu, kandungan xanton dalam kulit manggis juga berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai kandidat bahan baku obat herbal dan fitofarmaka. Dengan demikian, α-mangostin dan γ-mangostin dari kulit manggis memiliki prospek yang menjanjikan sebagai senyawa bioaktif potensial dalam pengembangan terapi berbasis bahan alam.
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